I-alumina ceramics, eyakhiwe ikakhulukazi nge-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), imele enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezobunjiniyela wanamuhla. Iziqinisekiso zazo ezinhle zokumelana nokucindezela, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye nezici zokuhlukaniswa kukagesi, lezi zinto azinakuphikwa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuqina ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Ukubaluleka kwazo kubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho izinto ezijwayelekile zingakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza nokuphila. Njengoba imikhakha ifuna izinto ezihlinzeka ngokuqina nokuphila isikhathi eside, i-alumina ceramics ivele njengokukhetha okuholela, ibonisa ukuhamba phambili emikhakheni efana nezokwakha, ezokundiza, kanye nezobunjiniyela bezokwelapha.

Ikhono le-alumina ceramics lokumelana nengcindezi yomshini nokumelana nokugqoka lenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezicini ezibhekene nezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlala kwabo kwekhemikhali kuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokumelana nokugqwala, okuyinto ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi zezimboni. Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwe-alumina ceramics kuholele ezintsha ezithuthukisa ubuqotho nezakhiwo zomshini, kwandisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwabo. Ukuqonda izici eziyisisekelo nezindlela zokukhiqiza ze-alumina ceramics kubalulekile kumabhizinisi afuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

I-ceramics ye-alumina ichazwa ngezakhi eziyisisekelo zayo, i-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), engashintsha ekuphileni kwayo kusukela ku-85% kuya ku-99.9%. Le miphumela ithinta izakhiwo zomzimba ezifana nedensity, ubunzima, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kukagesi. I-alumina ceramics enokuphiliswa okuphezulu ibonisa ubunzima obuphakeme nokumelana nokugqoka, okwenza kube kuhle ezindaweni ezinamathuluzi kanye nezinto ezinemininingwane. Ukuzinza kwabo kokushisa kuvumela ukusebenza ezishisayo ezingaphezu kuka-1,500°C ngaphandle kokwehla okukhulu, kudlula ezinye izinketho zensimbi.

Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwemishini, ama-ceramics e-alumina anikeza amandla amahle okukhanyisa kagesi anefektha yokulahleka ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu e-dielectric. Lezi zici zenze zibe zibalulekile ezisekelweni ze-elektroniki, ama-insulators, kanye nezinto ezidinga ukuvikeleka kagesi okuqinisekisiwe. Ama-ceramics e-alumina futhi akhombisa ubukhulu obuphezulu bokuphuka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye ama-ceramics, ikakhulukazi uma kuguqulwa ngama-additives afana ne-zirconia kumavariyethi e-alumina aqinisiwe nge-zirconia. Le nhlonipho ithuthukisa ukumelana nokusabalala kwezakhamuzi, ikhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezinhlelweni ezakhiwe lapho ukuvikeleka kwemishini kubalulekile.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu kuhlobene—amandla, ukumelana nokushisa, nokuhlukaniswa kukagesi—kubeka i-alumina ceramics njengematerial yokukhetha ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziphezulu nezimweni ezinzima. Ukuguquguquka kwazo ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokukhiqiza kusekela kakhulu ukwamukelwa kwazo embonini.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-alumina ceramics kuqala ngokulungiselela izinto zokwakha, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ama-ore e-aluminium hydroxide ahlelwe nge-Bayer process ukuze kukhishwe i-aluminium oxide. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ubuqotho obulawulwa kanye nosayizi wezinsalela obalulekile ukuze kutholakale ama-ceramics aphezulu. Ngokwesidingo se-grade—kusukela ku-85% alumina kuya ku-ultra-pure 99.9%—izilungiselelo zokucubungula izinto zokwakha zishintshwa ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza.

Uma uthuli lwe-aluminium oxide lungakprepared, luhlanganiswa nezibopho nezithako ukuze kudaleke isuspension ethambile noma uthuli olufaneleka ukuhlela. Izindlela ezivamile zokwakha zifaka phakathi ukucindezela okomile, ukucindezela kwe-isostatic, ukucindezela kwe-slip, ukucindezela, kanye nokwakhiwa kokufaka. Lezi zindlela zivumela ukudalwa kwemihlobiso eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokunembile kwezilinganiso ngaphambi kokushisa. Ukukhethwa kwendlela kuncike kumjikelezo ofunwa kanye nenani lokukhiqiza.

Ngemuva kokwakha, izingcezu ze-ceramic 'zeluhlaza' zomelezelwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze kukhishwe umswakama ngaphandle kokudala ama-crack noma ukujolisa. Izinyathelo zokufaka ngaphambi kokushisa zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla alezi zingxenye ngaphambi kokugcina i-sintering. I-sintering, eyenziwa ezishisayo ezivela ku-1,500°C kuya ku-1,700°C, ithambisa i-ceramic, idala ukujula nokusungula isakhiwo sokugcina. Isigaba se-sintering sibalulekile ekuchazeni izakhiwo zomshini nasekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza kwezilinganiso.

Ngemuva kokuphosa, izinqubo zokugcina ezifana nokugaya, ukulapha, nokuphola zisetshenziswa ukuze kufezwe ubukhulu obunembile nokuphola kwephezulu okuhloswe ngezidingo zokusebenza. Lezi zinyathelo zokugcina zibalulekile ikakhulukazi ezicombeni ezisetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinsiza zezokwelapha lapho izinga eliqinile liphoqelekile. 清远市博奕陶瓷有限公司 ungumkhiqizi ohamba phambili ogxile ekukhiqizeni ama-ceramics e-alumina aphezulu, unikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile ukuze kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezinzima zezimboni.

Ukucubungula ama-ceramics e-alumina kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bawo obuphakeme nokuphuka. Izindlela zokucubungula ezijwayelekile zivame ukuholela ekugqokeni kwezinsiza, uk damage kwendawo, kanye nokuphuka kokushisa. Ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinkinga, ubuchwepheshe obuphambili njenge-laser cutting, water jet cutting, kanye ne-ultrasonic machining bukhona. Lezi zindlela zinciphisa ukucindezela kwemishini nokwakheka kokushisa, zigcine ubumsulwa bemathiriyeli ye-ceramic.

Ukucubungula kungahlukaniswa kube ukucubungula okuluhlaza, okwenziwa ngaphambi kokushisa lapho i-ceramic ithambile, nokucubungula okunhard, okwenziwa ngemuva kokushisa emathunjini agcwele. Ukucubungula okuluhlaza kuvumela ukuhlela nokubhoboza kalula ngokunciphisa ukugqoka amathuluzi kodwa kudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa. Ukucubungula okunhard kudinga amathuluzi anembile nezindlela zokupholisa ukuvimbela ama-micro-cracks nokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwezilinganiso.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza zihlanganisa ukuphatha ubrittleness bezamathisela ze-alumina ukuze kuvinjwe ukuwa, ukulawula imiphumela yokushisa engase ibangele ukuwa, nokukhetha amathuluzi akwazi ukumelana nokugqoka. Nakuba ukusebenza kukhuphula izindleko zokukhiqiza, ukunemba nokusebenza okutholakalayo kuvame ukufakazela ukutshalwa kwezimali. Izinkampani ezifana ne 清远市博奕陶瓷有限公司 zisebenzisa izinqubo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe ukuze zilinganisela izindleko nekhwalithi, ziqinisekisa amanani ancintisanayo nokusebenza okungcono komkhiqizo.

I-alumina ceramics ibonisa uhla lwezimpawu zomzimba ezizenza zifaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni advanced. Ngokomshini, zine-modulus ephezulu yokuphenduka, ngokuvamile cishe phakathi kuka-300–400 GPa, ezinikeza ukuqinisa nokumelana nokuguqulwa. Amandla azo okudonsa kanye namandla okucindezela nawo abalulekile, namandla okucindezela avamise ukudlula u-2,000 MPa, avumela ukusetshenziswa ezicini ezithwala umthwalo. Ubunzima be-alumina buphakathi kuka-15 no-20 GPa esikalini se-Vickers, okwenza kube nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqoka, kanti ukuthuthukiswa kokuphuka kuthuthukiswe ngama-agent aqinisa njenge-zirconia.

Ngokwezakhiwo, ama-ceramics e-alumina anokuhamba kahle kokushisa, avumela ukusabalala kahle kokushisa ezinhlelweni ze-elekthronikhi nezimboni. Ahlangabezana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukujula kwesakhiwo, okuyisici esibalulekile semikhiqizo yokumelana nokushisa nezithiyo zokushisa. Ikhono lokugcina ukushisa lusekela ukusetshenziswa kwabo ezindaweni lapho ukuhamba kokushisa kwenzeka, kunciphisa ubungozi bokushiswa kokushisa.

Ngokwe-elekthronikhi, i-alumina ibonisa izakhiwo ezinhle zokuhlukanisa ngefektha yokulahleka ephansi kanye namandla aphezulu okungena, ngokuvamile cishe ku-10–15 kV/mm. Le mpendulo ethembekile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-elekthronikhi yenza ama-ceramics e-alumina angabalulekile emishinini ye-elekthronikhi, lapho ukuvikeleka okuhlelekile nokungaguquguquki kubalulekile. Izinhlobo ezifana ne-alumina eqinile zandisa lezi zici, zinikeza ukusebenza okungcono kwezinjongo ezikhethekile.

Izingxenye ze-elektroniki nezamandla zisebenzisa i-alumina ceramics kakhulu njengezisekelo zezikrini, izinsiza, nezinto ezisebenza ku-LED technologies. Amandla azo okukhuculula ugesi nokuphathwa kokushisa asekelwa izinhlelo ze-elektroniki ezinamandla aphezulu futhi athuthukisa ukwethembeka kwemishini. Ekukhiqizeni, i-alumina iyinto ethandwayo yokwakha amathuluzi okusika, imidiya yokugaya, nezifakelo ezivumelanayo ngenxa yokukhukhuleka kwayo nokumelana nokushisa.

Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ama-ceramics e-alumina asebenza njengemathiriyeli ahambisana nezinto zomzimba zokufaka amazinyo, amathuluzi okusebenza, kanye nezitho zokwenziwa. Ukuze kube ne-inertness kanye namandla okuphatha kukhuthaza ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuphepha kwabagulayo. Imikhakha ye-aerospace kanye nezokuphepha isebenzisa ama-ceramics e-alumina ekuvikeleni kwe-ballistic, izivikeli zokushisa, kanye nezinto zomshini, ikhulisa izinzuzo zawo ezilula nezimelana nokushisa.

Izicelo zezimoto zifaka phakathi ama-oxygen sensors kanye nezakhi zevalvu ezisebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokushisa nokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-alumina ceramics anikela ekukhiqizeni amandla ngokusetshenziswa ezinsizakalweni zokuvikela ezinamandla kanye nezinhlelo zamandla elanga, lapho ukuqina nokuvikela kubalulekile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-zirconia toughened alumina kwandisa lezi zicelo ngokunikeza ukuqina okwandisiwe nokumelana nokuphuka.

Imaketheka yomhlaba wonke ye-alumina ceramics ibonisa abahlinzeki abaningi abahlinzeka ngezinga elihlukahlukene nezicucu ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Intengo ithonywa yizici ezifana nokuhlanzeka kwe-alumina, ubunzima bezingxenye, izidingo zokucubungula, kanye nenani lokukhiqiza. I-alumina ceramics eqinile ivame ukuthola amanani aphezulu ngenxa yezici zokusebenza eziphakeme. Amabhizinisi afuna i-alumina ceramics kufanele ahlaziye abahlinzeki ngokusekelwe ezitifiketi zekhwalithi, amakhono okwenza ngezifiso, kanye nokwethembeka kokulethwa.

Ukuxhumana okucacile kwezidingo zobuchwepheshe nezinga lokubekezelela kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka komkhiqizo. 清远市博奕陶瓷有限公司 ibonakala njengomphakeli onenhlonipho owaziwa ngokuqonda kwakhe ekwenzeni ama-ceramics e-alumina ngokunembile nangokuhambisana. Ukuzinikela kwabo ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezintsha nasekulawuleni ikhwalithi kunikeza amaklayenti izinzuzo ezincintisanayo ngokusebenzisa izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso nezinqubo ezisebenzayo.

I-alumina ceramics iyimaterial eyisisekelo ezinhlelweni zemboni ezithuthukisiwe, inikeza izakhiwo zomzimba, ezishisayo, nezokusebenza kagesi ezingafani. Ikhono lazo lokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima lenza zibe nezidingo ezingenakuphikwa emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, ukukhiqiza, ezokwelapha, ezokundiza, kanye nezokwakha amandla. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwazo, izindlela zokukhiqiza, kanye nezinselelo zokusebenza kuqeqesha amabhizinisi ukuze akwazi ukusebenzisa amandla azo aphelele ngempumelelo.

Ukubambisana nabakhiqizi abanamava njenge 清远市博奕陶瓷有限公司 kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kumakhamera e-alumina aphezulu ahlelwe ngezidingo ezithile, kuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana emakethe. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuguquka, amakhamera e-alumina azohlala ebalulekile ekwenzeni izinguquko ezidinga ukuqina, ukunemba, nokusebenza.